5535 Annefrank

FIELDS OF STUDY: Sub-planetary Astronomy; Observational Astronomy; Cosmology

ABSTRACT: 5535 Annefrank is an asteroid that is part of the asteroid belt in the solar system. Discovered in 1942, this asteroid was named for the famous World War II diarist Anne Frank. The NASA Discovery Stardust spacecraft captured images of 5535 Annefrank during a flyby in 2002.

Asteroid Belt

5535 Annefrank is an asteroid. Like most asteroids in the solar system, it is found in the asteroid belt. The asteroid belt is an oval-shaped ring between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It is about 2 to 4 astronomical units (186 to 370 million miles) from the sun. Scientists estimate that the belt contains more than two hundred asteroids larger than 97 kilometers (60 miles) in diameter and thousands more of smaller sizes. 5535 Annefrank is about 6 kilometers (3.5 miles) long and 5 kilometers (3 miles) wide.

Asteroids are believed to be rocky debris left over from the formation of the solar system about 4.6 billion years ago. Scientists theorize that after the gas giant Jupiter formed, its massive gravity caused many small bodies nearby to collide. This created the objects known as asteroids.

As an S-class asteroid, 5535 Annefrank is made mainly of silicates (stone) and metals like nickel and iron. It is one of the brighter S-class asteroids. This suggests that it may be a newer space object.

Characteristics of 5535 Annefrank

German astronomer Karl Reinmuth (1892–1979) discovered 5535 Annefrank in 1942. It was the 5535th asteroid found. The asteroid was later given the name of the famous World War II diarist Anne Frank, who died in a German concentration camp.

Images of 5535 Annefrank were taken by the NASA Discovery Stardust spacecraft in 2002. They show a highly irregular object that appears to be shaped like a triangular prism with three sides. Its surface looks quite angular with many flat planes.

Stardust Mission

The NASA Stardust mission photographed the asteroid in November 2002 on its way to the comet 81P/Wild 2. Stardust took more than seventy images of 5535 Annefrank during a fifteen-minute period. These images captured about 40 percent of the asteroid’s surface. They highlight features such as the asteroid’s irregular triangular shape, few visible craters, and relative brightness.

PRINCIPAL TERMS

  • asteroid: a small, irregularly shaped space object that is made of rock, silicates, and metals, and orbits the sun in the solar system.

Bibliography

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"5535 Annefrank Overview." NASA. NASA, 13 Jan. 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015.

Lang, Kenneth R. "Asteroids and Meteorites." The Cambridge Guide to the Solar System. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2011. 365–90. Print.

"Missions to Comets: Stardust, Deep Impact." NASA Discovery Program. NASA, 13 Jan. 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015.

"Small Worlds: The Neighborhood." Marshall Space Flight Center Discovery Program. NASA, n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2015.

"Stardust/Stardust NExT." NASA Science, 27 July 2021, solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/stardust/in-depth/. Accessed 13 June 2022.