Battle Is Stopped by Solar Eclipse

Battle Is Stopped by Solar Eclipse

One of the most unusual resolutions to an armed conflict took place on May 28, 585 b.c., when a solar eclipse stopped a battle in the Middle East between the Lydians and the Medes. Because of the regularity with which eclipses occur, we know the exact date of the battle that ended so dramatically, which is extremely rare for ancient conflicts.

The combatants were armies from Lydia and Media. Lydia was located in Asia Minor, now modern-day Turkey, and was known for its wealth in gold and silver. The Lydians were also probably the first people to coin money. They built a powerful empire which took them to the borders of another ancient power: Media. The Medes lived in what is now northeastern Iran, which borders Turkey, and had a formidable empire of their own. The two powers had been at war for five years over territory and regional dominance when, on that May 28th, a solar eclipse took place. It had been predicted by the Greek astronomer Thales, who understood the pattern of eclipses, but that was evidently unknown to the two armies, for they were taken by surprise. As “the day was turned into night,” which is how the Greek historian Herodotus described it, the combatants were terrified. All fighting stopped. Afterwards, the two empires agreed to a peace treaty, sealed by marriages between the respective royal families.