Amalia Guglielminetti

Poet

  • Born: May 5, 1881
  • Birthplace: Turin, Italy
  • Died: December 4, 1941

Biography

Amalia Guglielminetti was born in Turin, Italy, in 1881. After her father died when she was five, Guglielminetti and her brother and two sisters were raised by their widowed mother and her mother’s father, a wealthy entrepreneur. Guglielminetti’s grandfather sent her to a religious boarding school, where her independent spirit was evident in her refusal to accept the beliefs of the nuns who were her teachers. After leaving school, Guglielminetti published three books of poetry in quick succession, scandalizing her family and attracting the attention of the Italian cultural elite, particularly Guido Gozzano, the prime mover behind the “twilight school” of poetry. Guglielminetti resisted Gozzano’s aesthetics but not his charms; their long, intense romantic involvement resulted in an extensive exchange of letters that resemble nothing so much as an epistolary novel. Guglielminetti’s literary apprenticeship ended when the relationship ended. Their correspondence was eventually published in 1951, a decade after Guglielminetti’s death.

Removing herself from Gozzano’s sphere of influence, Guglielminetti pursued her own course, advocating erotic freedom and sexual equality for all women while eschewing feminism itself. In 1911, she opened a literary salon and published her first verse drama. Short story and poetry collections followed, each burnishing Guglielminetti’s public image as a defiant, dark beauty, an image further enhanced by her involvement with the novelist Dino Segre, also known as Pitigrilli. Pitigrilli was Guglielminetti’s junior by twelve years; he was also the author of mass market fiction that promoted sexual permissiveness. His influence can be seen in Guglielminetti’s novels, both of which were considered scandalous in their day.

Continuing along her nonconformist path, in 1926 Guglielminetti founded her own journal, Le Seduzioni. When Pitigrilli began producing a rival periodical, the fight between the former lovers raged on for years, spilling over onto the pages of their journals and ultimately ending in an ugly court battle. Guglielminetti, who had altered Pitigrilli’s letters in order to show his anti-Fascist leanings, was declared insane. Humiliated, she entered a mental institution for an extended period. In 1941, while running to safety during an air raid, she fell on a hotel staircase, injuring herself badly. She died in a hospital a few days later as a result of complications from her fall. Her tombstone was engraved with a epitaph of her own choosing: “The one who walks alone.” Her significance remains that of a pioneer.