Daniel Denton

Government Official

  • Born: c. 1626
  • Birthplace: Yorkshire, England
  • Died: 1703
  • Place of death: Jamaica, Long Island, New York colony

Biography

Daniel Denton was a seventeenth century promoter of English settlement on Long Island, in New York. His sole contribution to American literature, A Brief Description of New York, Formerly Called New Netherlands (1670), is a twenty-page pamphlet that describes the physical and cultural conditions of the colony, which the British had purchased in 1664, to potential settlers and other curious Britons. Aside from its utility in promoting contemporary settlement, Denton’s work is historically notable for its documentation of changes upon the North American continent in the wake of European settlement, particularly the rapid decline of native populations as a result of conflict and disease.

Daniel Denton was born in Yorkshire, England, but he traveled as a young man to the American colonies with his father, Reverend Richard Denton, who was the first Presbyterian minister in America. The family lived for a time in both Massachusetts and Connecticut but eventually settled on Long Island. Daniel Denton was appointed town clerk of Hempstead in 1650, and in 1656 he was appointed clerk of Jamaica, also on Long Island. He became involved as an investor in and promoter of settlement schemes in New Jersey. These business dealings took him to England in 1670, where he encountered so much curiosity about life in New York that he wrote his pamphlet.

Denton married Abigail Stevenson sometime before 1660, but they divorced upon his return from England in 1672 (she was accused of infidelity in his absence). Denton and Stevenson had three children together, and in 1676 Denton married Hannah Leonard, by whom he had six more children. Denton’s A Brief Description of New York, Formerly Called New Netherlands related to his readers the availability of land and opportunity in North America and offered detailed descriptions of the landscape, plants and animals of Staten Island, Manhattan,and Long Island. He described the state of relations between colonists and local Indian tribes, and famously noted, “it hath been generally observed, that where the English come to settle, a Divine Hand makes way for them; by removing or cutting off the Indians, either by Wars one with the other, or by some raging mortal Disease.” Denton’s early account of the decimation of Indian populations has been often cited by historians, and his account gave testimony of other tragedies resulting from the European settlement: Among the bounties he described as available to settlers are the now- extinct passenger pigeons. After the publication of his pamphlet and his return to America, Denton served in various government offices in New Jersey and Massachusetts, but he ultimately returned to the town of Jamaica, where he died in 1703.