Egalitarian symbiosis

When people of different races, religions, and ethnic origins peacefully coexist, sharing equally in the social, political, and economic rights of their society and contributing to the mutual benefit of all, the relationship is referred to as egalitarian symbiosis. Although the United States is perceived by many people as a successful experiment in racial and ethnic mixing, resistance to the efforts of people of different races, religions, and ethnic backgrounds to participate fully in the society has sometimes been pronounced and long-lasting, requiring the passage of minority and civil rights laws in order to avoid racial and ethnic conflict. Since the civil rights movement of the 1960s, many Americans have advocated a policy of multiculturalism, in which people of diverse ethnic origins live together in unity and still maintain their own cultures. Although problems involving prejudice and discrimination continue to be prevalent in the United States, people from a diverse mixture of racial and ethnic backgrounds generally live together in harmony, working toward a state of egalitarian symbiosis.

Egalitarian symbiosis in society has been studied by many prominent social scientists, including John Locke, John Rawls, Karl Marx, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, as well as the ancient philosophers Aristotle and Plato. These scientists' egalitarian research closely mirrors the concept of distributive justice and has modern applications for civil rights, as well as human rights and gender rights.

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Bibliography

Boulden, Jane, and Will Kymlicka. International Approaches to Governing Ethnic Diversity. Oxford UP, 2015.

Eller, Jack David. Culture and Diversity in the United States: So Many Ways to Be American. Routledge, 2015.

Hanser, Robert D., and Michael Gomila. Multiculturalism and the Criminal Justice System. Pearson, 2015.

Renzetti, Claire M., and Raquel Kennedy Bergen. Understanding Diversity: Celebrating Difference, Challenging Inequality. Pearson, 2015.

Salett, Elizabeth Pathy, and Diane R. Koslow. Multicultural Perspectives on Race, Ethnicity, and Identity. Natl. Assn. of Social Workers, 2015.

Tomlin, Patrick. “What Is the Point of Egalitarian Social Relationships?” Distributive Justice and Access to Advantage: G. A. Cohen’s Egalitarianism, edited by Alexander Kaufman, Cambridge UP, 2014, pp. 151–79.

Waldrop, Rachael J., and Meg A. Warren. “Exploring Egalitarianism: A Conceptual and Methodological Review of Egalitarianism and Impacts on Positive Intergroup Relations.” Behavioral Sciences, vol. 14, no. 9, 2024, p. 842, doi.org/10.3390/bs14090842. Accessed 2 Dec. 2024.