Cartilage supplements as cancer therapy
Cartilage supplements, often derived from shark and bovine sources, have been explored as alternative therapies for cancer treatment. These supplements are promoted on the premise that they may inhibit angiogenesis—the formation of new blood vessels that tumors require for growth. The concept gained popularity in the 1970s following Dr. Judah Folkman's observations about nutrient supply to tumors, further supported by William Lane's book, *Sharks Do Not Get Cancer*. However, while some studies suggest potential immune-boosting properties from bovine cartilage, extensive clinical research has shown mixed results, with no substantial evidence to support their efficacy in treating cancer.
Cartilage supplements are available in various forms, including pills, powders, liquids, and through injections or topical applications. Despite their continued presence in the market, such as products like Neovastat and BeneFin, health professionals caution against their use due to potential side effects, including high calcium levels and gastrointestinal issues. Furthermore, concerns regarding contamination and the suitability of these supplements for certain populations, like pregnant women and individuals recovering from surgery, are notable. As with any supplement, it is vital for individuals to consult healthcare providers before considering cartilage supplements in the context of cancer therapy.
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Cartilage supplements as cancer therapy
ALSO KNOWN AS: Shark cartilage, bovine cartilage
DEFINITION: Cartilage is a type of dense, semi-opaque, elastic connective tissue found in humans and animals that has no blood supply of its own. It consists of cells called chondrocytes in a matrix of collagen, protein, and sugar. Cartilage supplements, often promoted as a treatment for cancer, come from animal sources, particularly the heads and fins of sharks and the windpipes of cattle.
Cancers treated or prevented: Lymphoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, brain cancer
Delivery routes: Administered orally via pills, powders, or liquids, or given as enemas, by topical application, or through intravenous and injection.
How this substance works: The use of shark cartilage for cancer treatment is based on angiogenesis and the development of new blood vessels. In the 1970s, Dr. Judah Folkman noted that most tumors require nutrients and oxygen carried through the blood to grow. It was found that shark cartilage has a protein that inhibited angiogenesis in the laboratory. Therefore, it was proposed that it could block the blood supply to tumors and literally “starve” them. William Lane, who holds a Ph.D., investigated this possibility and, in 1993, published Sharks Do Not Get Cancer, which established shark cartilage as a leading alternative cancer therapy. Cases of tumors in sharks, however, have been documented. It has also been found that an active ingredient in shark cartilage is too large to be absorbed into the human bloodstream from the digestive tract.
In the 1950s, Dr. John Prudden found that bovine cartilage contains complex molecules called mucopolysaccharides, which were thought to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer and block cell division and growth. Although there has been much ongoing research, results on the use of cartilage supplements have been mixed. Extensive clinical studies, however, conclude that no cartilage supplement offers any significant benefits for cancer patients. Modern cartilage supplements like Neovastat (AE-941), BeneFin, and Cartilade remain in circulation despite evidence against their efficacy.
Side effects: Cartilage supplements contain high amounts of calcium. Taking them with thiazide diuretics, which raise calcium levels in the blood, may result in dangerous calcium levels. Supplements not from reputable manufacturers may be contaminated. One case of shark cartilage-induced hepatitis has been noted. Large doses may cause nausea, upset stomach, and diarrhea. Because cartilage supplements stop or hinder the development of new blood vessels, pregnant or breastfeeding women, children, and patients recovering from surgery or heart attack should not take them—other side effects include low blood sugar, jaundice, and loss of appetite.
Bibliography
"Cartilage (Bovine and Shark) (PDQ)–Patient Version." National Cancer Institute, 2017, www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/patient/cartilage-pdq. Accessed 20 July 2024.
Goldstein, Myrna Chandler, and Mark A. Goldstein. Dietary Supplements Fact Versus Fiction. Greenwood Press, 2020.
"Shark Cartilage." Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 23 Feb. 2023, www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/integrative-medicine/herbs/shark-cartilage. Accessed 20 July 2024.
"Shark Cartilage - Uses, Side Effects, and More." WebMD, www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-909/shark-cartilage. Accessed 20 July 2024.
Shahrokhi, Somayeh, et al. "Shark Cartilage Modulates Immune Responses in Stage III Breast Cancer Patients." International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, vol. 1, no. 3, 2009, pp. 21-28.