Gentian's therapeutic uses

  • DEFINITION: Natural plant product used to treat specific health conditions.
  • PRINCIPAL PROPOSED USES: Appetite, digestive aid, arthritis, sinus health, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antimicrobial

Overview

Bitter plants can stimulate appetite for reasons that are not entirely clear, and gentian ranks high on the scale of bitterness. Two of its constituents, gentiopicrin and amarogentin, taste bitter even when diluted by a factor of fifty thousand.

In traditional European herbology, gentian and other bitter herbs are believed to strengthen the digestive system when taken over a period of time. However, in Chinese medicine, gentian is regarded as a rather intense herb that should seldom be taken over the long term. This difference in perspective can be confusing, but experts are not sure which view is correct. Most lean toward the Chinese viewpoint and recommend gentian only for short-term use.

Therapeutic Dosages

A typical dosage of gentian is twenty drops of tincture fifteen minutes before meals. One can mix the tincture in juice or water to make the intensely bitter taste more tolerable.

Therapeutic Uses

Gentian extracts are sold in liquor stores as “bitters” to increase appetite. Tinctures are also sold medicinally for the same purpose. Gentian has several perceived health benefits mainly due to its iridoids, secoiridoids, xanthones, and flavonoids. Its anti-inflammatory effects are believed to aid in rheumatoid arthritis, and studies in children have shown promise in helping to combat sinus infections. Gentian is also being studied for its hepatoprotective and diuretic effects. The continued study of gentian also focused on gentian as a digestive aid. Additional proposed therapeutic uses of gentian include employing its antimicrobial properties to protect against fungi and bacteria and as a topical treatment for wounds. Only double-blind, placebo-controlled trials can prove a substance is effective for treating a health condition, and none of note have been performed on gentian.

Safety Issues

Gentian is mutagenic, meaning that it can cause changes in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of bacteria. For this reason, gentian should not be taken during pregnancy. Safety in young children, nursing women, or those with severe liver or kidney disease is also not established. In the short term, gentian rarely causes any side effects, except for occasional worsening of ulcer pain and heartburn. For some people, they claim it relieves stomach problems.

Bibliography

"Gentian – Health Information Library." PeaceHealth, 24 Mar. 2015, www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2094002. Accessed 2 Oct. 2024.

Lininger, S. W., et al. The Natural Pharmacy. Rocklin, Calif.: Prima, 1998.

Marengo, Katherine, and Carissa Stephens. "Gentian Root: Uses, Benefits, and Side Effects." Healthline, 3 Nov. 2020, www.healthline.com/nutrition/gentian-root. Accessed 2 Oct. 2024.

Mirzaee, Fatemeh et al. "Medicinal, Biological and Phytochemical Properties of Gentiana Species." Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 400-408. 28 Jan. 2017, doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.013.

Morimoto, I., et al. "Mutagenic Activities of Gentisin and Isogentisin from Gentianae Radix (Gentianaceae)." Mutation Research, vol. 116, 1983, pp. 103-117.