The Aegean Sea, situated between Greece and Asia Minor (now Turkey), holds significant historical and cultural importance, particularly in the context of ancient civilizations. This body of water is characterized by its numerous islands, including notable groups such as the Cyclades and the Sporades, as well as larger islands like Euboea and Lesbos. The sea's name has various proposed origins, including connections to the mythical figures Aegea, the Queen of the Amazons, and Aegeus, the father of Theseus, both associated with tragic stories of drowning.

In ancient times, the Aegean Sea was a crucial route for trade and cultural exchange, fostering the development of several prominent Bronze Age cultures collectively referred to as Aegean Civilization. This encompasses the Minoan, Cycladic, and Mycenaean cultures, among others, which thrived in the region and significantly influenced European history. The Aegean’s rich maritime landscape not only shaped the economy and trade of these civilizations but also played a vital role in their mythology and social structures. Understanding the Aegean Sea's ancient role offers valuable insights into the dynamics of early human societies and their interactions.