Elizabeth Daryush

Poet

  • Born: December 5, 1887
  • Birthplace: London, England
  • Died: April 7, 1977
  • Place of death: Stockwell, England

Biography

Elizabeth Bridges Daryush was born in 1887 into a life that seemed marked by all the powers of Victorian and Edwardian privilege. Her father was England’s poet laureate, Robert Bridges. Her mother, Mary Monica Waterhouse Bridges, was the daughter of a well-known architect. The family lived near Oxford, where her father had contact with the greats of nineteenth century English poetry, including Gerard Manly Hopkins, John Masefield, Robert Graves, and Thomas Hardy. Elizabeth was privately educated. In 1923, she married Ali Akbar Daryush, an Oxford student, and moved with him to Persia, where they lived until 1927.

Back in England, they lived on Boar’s Hill overlooking Oxford, near her childhood home. She had already begun publishing some poems before her marriage, but it was after her stay in Persia that her poetry began to take on one of the themes which threaded through the rest of her writing life—a social awareness that led her to criticize the privileged world from which she came. Two other qualities mark her work as well. One is her commitment to the sort of archaic, elegant diction against which writers such as T. S. Eliot and Ezra Pound reacted. The second is her refinement of her father’s use of syllabics, the patterning of a poetic line by syllable count rather than by accent. Her father had counted all syllables, including those that existed only in a word’s spelling; Daryush counted only syllables that could be heard in pronunciation. Daryush’s social criticism can be seen in poems such as “Children of Wealth in Your Warm Nursery,” where she pictures the children of the title sitting in a warm window seat, where they watch a winter storm outside; in their ignorance, they cannot imagine the pains the weather places on the poor.

Scholars have recently reexamined Daryush’s work, noting that contemporary tastes in diction have unfairly consigned her work to obscurity. They praise the effects of her metrics and tight rhyme schemes, her themes which grapple with the wrongs that lie in all social structures, and her stoicism in living with those wrongs. In her long life, Daryush’s work underwent little development or change after the growth of her social conscience, but her reputation has been championed by the work of critics such as Donald Davie and Roy Fuller. She was nearly blind in her later years; she died in 1977.