First Successful Helicopter Flight

First Successful Helicopter Flight

Although there had been a variety of experiments with vertical ascent aircraft since the early 20th century, the first truly successful hovering helicopter test took place on September 14, 1939, when Ukrainian-born Igor Sikorsky took his VS-300 aircraft aloft at his facility in Stanford, Connecticut. Although the test flight lasted for only a few seconds and the vehicle rose above the ground only a few inches, it was a success. Sikorsky had incorporated a tail rotor in addition to the main overhead rotor, which enabled the vehicle not only to rise above the earth but also to avoid spinning out of control due to torque.

Speculative conceptions about devices roughly analogous to modern helicopters have existed since the time of Leonardo da Vinci. These conjectures did not take positive form until the 20th century, however, when it became possible to build propeller-driven aircraft sufficiently powerful to rise into the air. The advantage of helicopters over airplanes is that they can rise vertically, enabling them to take off and land in restricted terrains, and can stay aloft in a stationary position to provide a range of operational possibilities. Designs based on Sikorsky's helicopters are now common in the military and civilian air fleets of countries throughout the world. Sikorsky, born on May 25, 1889, in the Ukraine (then part of the Russian empire), died on October 26, 1972, in Easton, Connecticut. His highly successful helicopter company eventually merged into the American conglomerate known as United Technologies.