A Frolic of His Own by William Gaddis

Excerpted from an article in Magill’s Survey of American Literature, Revised Edition

First published: 1994

Type of work: Novel

The Work

This novel is set thematically by the opening line, “Justice?—You get justice in the next world, in this world you have the law.” Justice is conceptual and as an abstract ideal can be perfect, while law is about language and is limited, ambiguous, bound by context. The ideal is often invoked, while the practical application is used and abused by the greedy and self-important. The novel’s title itself is a legal term, referring to a contracted worker who does something not specified in his contract and in doing so injures himself: The example used is of someone blinding himself by shooting paper clips with rubber bands at the office.

College professor Oscar Crease’s life seems to be a constant frolic of his own: Readers first meet him in the hospital, having run himself over when he hot-wired his own car. He intends to sue the car company, Sosumi, and is in the middle of another lawsuit: Oscar claims that a vulgar, best-selling film plagiarized his play about the Civil War (based on Gaddis’s own unpublished play). Returning to the deteriorating house where he grew up and continues to live, Oscar is cared for by his current girlfriend, Lily, and his sister Christina, who is suffering a strained relationship with her husband, Harry. As in other Gaddis novels, a good deal of action occurs offstage and certain characters never appear but loom heavily over those readers come to know. Oscar and Christina must deal with their father, a controversial judge whose ruling on a case involving a dog caught in an abstract steel statue has stirred a frenzy in the local community.

As lawsuits proliferate, so do documents—newspapers, transcripts, screenplays, legal rulings—all of which are parodied by Gaddis for their idiosyncratic use of language. If the flow of dialogue in a Gaddis novel is meant to reflect the thought processes of human beings, then the written documents are more insidious for being more consciously crafted and thus manipulated in unusual ways. Humor is mined when dialogue and the written word clash, and Gaddis infuses a great deal of aesthetic criticism and allusions into the documents that litter the novel: Judges make elaborate references to literature, while lawyers debate philosophical issues—all, it seems, in the service of the law, all mere fodder to the dehumanizing interaction of frivolous legal arguments.

Freed from justice, the law in A Frolic of His Own swings back and forth: Rulings are held in the balance, decided in favor of one side, reversed. Fortunes also swing in more literal fashion as the Creases, apparently affluent, are beset by bills that they cannot pay, with Oscar counting on lawsuits ruling in his favor for future income. The familial and legal dysfunctions unite gracefully when Oscar wins his suit against the film: The decision in his favor seems to have been molded by his estranged father, who dies soon afterward but has at least made this strange rapprochement with his son. It quickly becomes a Pyrrhic victory, however, as the producers claim that no actual profits have been made, while the estate that Justice Crease leaves behind for his children is little else but the expensive, deteriorating house. By the end, Harry is also dead (his life insurance paid to his law firm), and the Crease orphans are broke. The novel closes with Oscar tickling Christina until she cannot breathe, both of them reduced to a powerless infantilism.

Bibliography

Bloom, Harold, ed. William Gaddis: Bloom’s Modern Critical Views. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2003.

Comnes, Gregory. The Ethics of Indeterminacy in the Novels of William Gaddis. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994.

Johnston, John. Carnival of Repetition: Gaddis’s “The Recognitions” and Postmodern Theory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1990.

Knight, Christopher J. Hints and Guesses: William Gaddis’s Fiction of Longing. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1997.

Kuehl, John, and Steven Moore, eds. In Recognition of William Gaddis. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1984.

Moore, Steven. A Reader’s Guide to William Gaddis’s “The Recognitions.” Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.

Moore, Steven. William Gaddis. Boston: Twayne, 1989.

Wolfe, Peter. A Vision of His Own: The Mind and Art of William Gaddis. Madison, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1997.