Jack the Ripper Commits His First Murder

Jack the Ripper Commits His First Murder

The notorious 19th-century London serial killer Jack the Ripper committed the first of his known murders on August 31, 1888, when he killed Mary Ann Nichols. The Ripper earned his distinctive nickname from the manner of his attacks, in which he used a sharp knife to slash his victims' throats and mutilate their bodies. All of his victims were women, all of them were prostitutes, and all but one of them were killed in dark streets or alleys at night. The Ripper confined his murders to a one-square-mile region of London's East End, but he was never caught.

There are five women whom the Ripper is known to have murdered. In addition to Nichols, they are Annie Chapman on September 8, 1888; Elizabeth Stride on September 30, 1888; Catherine Eddowes, also on September 30, 1888; and Mary Jane Kelly on November 9, 1888. He may have also committed as many as 13 additional murders, but they have never been conclusively confirmed as his.

It is generally agreed that the Ripper's killing spree ended no later than 1891. There have been several theories about his true identity, though none have been proven. One theory suggests that Prince Albert Victor of the royal family or Queen Victoria's personal physician, Sir William Gull, was the culprit but that the matter was hushed up by the British authorities. The Ripper may well have been a doctor, since the sharp knife used in the murders could have been a scalpel, and the mutilations sometimes included the removal of organs with surgical precision. Unfortunately, nothing is known for certain, and the killer's identity remains a mystery.