Methodist Church Is Established

Methodist Church Is Established

On February 28, 1784, the British evangelist John Wesley signed the Deed of Declaration, a set of rules and regulations for the formation and organization of Methodist societies in Britain and around the world. In effect, it was the establishment of the Methodist Church, an important Protestant denomination of the Christian faith.

Wesley was born on June 17, 1703, in Epworth, Lincolnshire, in England. His father, Samuel Wesley, was a cleric. As a youth Wesley was educated at Oxford University. Afterwards he followed in his father's footsteps and was ordained as a priest of the Anglican Church (the Church of England, the official national church) in 1728. In 1729 he returned to Oxford to pursue advanced studies, where he joined a group of students called the Holy Club. This group's methodical approach to religion, including social obligations such as doing good works, earned them the nickname methodists. The name stuck when John Wesley, joined by his brother Charles, took up evangelical preaching after receiving a vision in 1738. That vision convinced him to spread the message that anyone could be saved through inner faith in Jesus.

Departing from the Anglican tradition, Wesley hosted revivals, mass outdoor gatherings in fields or other convenient locations for the purpose of reviving religious fervor. He traveled thousands of miles a year around England, giving several sermons a day, sometimes facing hostile crowds and punitive authorities. Over time Wesley became immensely popular with the working classes, thanks to his emphasis on individual salvation through personal faith and his involvement in social reform movements; Methodists were prominent in poverty-relief causes and other measures for the amelioration of the hard lives of the masses. The open-air meetings and rousing new hymns were also a refreshing change from the more formal atmosphere of Anglican services.

By the 1780s, Wesley and his followers had established a significant number of Methodist societies in Great Britain and North America. The Deed of Declaration of 1784 introduced a tighter structure to the Methodist movement, providing for a legal organization of the various societies so that they could outlive their founder. After Wesley died, on March 2, 1791, the faith he had created would survive and prosper. As the movement spread, various splinter groups arose, as often occurs in a growing religion. By 1881 an Ecumenical Methodist Conference had been established to serve as an umbrella organization for the various Methodist chapters. Now called the World Methodist Conference, it meets every five years.