The Encyclopedia Brown series by Donald J. Sobol

First published: 1963; illustrated

Subjects: Crime, family, friendship, gender roles, and jobs and work

Type of work: Novels

Type of plot: Domestic realism and mystery

Time of work: The present

Recommended Ages: 10-13

Locale: The fictional American town of Idaville

Principal Characters:

  • Leroy “Encyclopedia” Brown, a fifth-grade detective with a photographic memory who solves mysteries for neighborhood children and for the Idaville Police Department
  • Chief Brown, Encyclopedia’s father and Idaville’s chief of police, who trusts his son’s attention to the details of his toughest cases
  • Mrs. Brown, Encyclopedia’s mother, a former high school English teacher who serves up pie and grammatical advice while Encyclopedia solves his father’s cases
  • Sally Kimball, Encyclopedia’s tough but pretty junior partner and bodyguard
  • Bugs Meany, the wise-cracking town bully and leader of the Tigers, a group of older kids who often trick and steal from neighborhood children
  • Wilford Wiggins, a lazy high school dropout who concocts get-rich-quick schemes

Form and Content

In each of Donald Sobol’s gently humorous Encyclopedia Brown juvenile detective books, readers can find all the clues necessary to solve ten mysteries along with Leroy “Encyclopedia” Brown, a bookish ten-year-old detective who lives in a fictional seaside town, Idaville, with his father, the police chief, and his mother, a full-time homemaker. Encyclopedia’s solutions and problem-solving strategies are always printed like an answer key at the back of the book.

In the first chapter of each installment, Sobol reviews the central premise of the series. Although Idaville may seem like “the usual American town,” at its heart is a notable anomaly: For nearly one year, no Idaville child or adult has succeeded in breaking the law. This record has less to do with Chief Brown’s smart and able police department than with his smart and able son, who secretly solves the chief’s toughest cases over dinner in the kitchen of the Browns’ red brick house on Rover Avenue. Sobol suggests that Encyclopedia succeeds where others fail largely because he remembers everything that he reads, and he reads voluminously. In fact, a small portion of Encyclopedia’s cases support this view, turning as they do on his knowledge of science or history. In “The Case of the Civil War Sword,” in Encyclopedia Brown, Boy Detective (1963), Encyclopedia uncovers Bugs Meany’s plot to trick a younger child into trading his bicycle for what Bugs claims is a sword once belonging to Civil War General Stonewall Jackson. Encyclopedia deduces that the sword is a fake because of two historical errors in its inscription, which reads “To Thomas J. Jackson, for standing like a stone wall at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861. This sword is presented to him by his men on August 21, 1861.” Encyclopedia knows that Jackson’s men would not have used the North’s term, Bull Run, but would have called it the Battle of Manassas. He also notes that on the inscription date of August 21, 1861, Jackson’s soldiers would not have referred to the “first” battle, because they could not have known that there would be a second. This sort of solution, requiring specific historical knowledge not provided within the set of given facts, is uncommon in the series.

In most Encyclopedia Brown cases, readers need no prior historical or scientific knowledge to participate in solving the mystery. They must simply exercise their deductive reasoning skills: reviewing the facts, noting incongruities and unusual connections, and applying commonsense knowledge of human behavior to predict how a victim or a culprit might behave in a given situation. Using these methods in “The Cast of the Brain Game,” in Encyclopedia Brown and the Case of the Disgusting Sneakers (1990), Encyclopedia discovers how Tyrone Taylor has helped Cindy Hayes cheat to win a party game, the object of which is to list nine three-letter body parts. When Cindy is accused of cheating, Encyclopedia reviews the facts. Tyrone was looking over his mother’s shoulder as she read the contestants’ lists. When his mother announced a run-off to break a tie between Cindy and another child, Tyrone left the room and promptly returned, conspicuously chewing a wad of gum. After staring for a moment at Tyrone, Cindy scratched out a ninth answer, winning the game. Encyclopedia notes Tyrone’s irregular actions, which seem connected to what Encyclopedia knows of Tyrone’s romantic personality. By checking the last word on Cindy’s list, Encyclopedia confirms his suspicion that Tyrone, trying to please his new girlfriend, signaled the body part that she had not thought of yet: gum.

Critical Context

Donald Sobol has achieved much popular success with the Encyclopedia Brown series, which began in 1963. He received the Pacific Northwest Readers’ Choice Award for Encyclopedia Brown Keeps the Peace (1973) and established his work as a respectable part of a long and popular tradition of juvenile mystery series, including the Nancy Drew, Hardy Boys, and Boxcar Children books. Sobol has also been recognized for his overall contribution to the genre with a special Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America, which is significant because it recognizes the ties between juvenile mystery and adult mystery. It is no accident that the Encyclopedia Brown series mimics some of the conventions of the adult mystery, characterizing Bugs Meany as a wise-guy toughie and Sally Kimball as a quick-talking, street-smart girl-with-a-heart-of-gold. Juvenile readers cannot help being influenced by the voracious mystery-reading habits of their parents, and parents often enjoy reading aloud the junior version of their own escapist fiction.