The Enduring Chill by Flannery O'Connor

First published: 1958

Type of plot: Realism

Time of work: The early 1960's

Locale: A small southern town

Principal Characters:

• Asbury Fox, a frustrated writer returning home from New York
• Mrs. Fox, Asbury's doting mother
• Mary George, Asbury's older, unsympathetic sister
• Dr. Block, a local doctor who treats Asbury's illness

The Story

Asbury Fox is a failed writer. Leaving behind the provincialism of his small-town southern roots, he moved to New York to seek his destiny as a playwright, novelist, and poet. His legacy, however, consists only of "two lifeless novels . . . stationary plays . . . prosy poems . . . sketchy short stories." He returns home believing that he is dying of some unnamed disease. He is also out of money.

Met at the train station by his mother and sister, Asbury certainly looks like one about to die, and his mother immediately plans Asbury's recuperation: mornings are devoted to his writing career, afternoons to helping the black dairy workers milk the farm's cows and to treatment by Dr. Block, the local physician. Asbury immediately balks; he has come home to die—not to take up the life of the country gentleman. If it had been possible to find a cure, a New York specialist would have found it. His school-principal sister, Mary George, however, refuses to pity him. Skeptical of both his malady and his manner, she scorns her ashen-faced brother and his pseudo-intellectualism.

Asbury's plan is simply to spend time in reflection on his tragic life. Amid his unsuccessful manuscripts is the chronicle of his short, unhappy ordeal: a long, explanatory letter to his mother that fills two notebooks. Intending it to be read after his death, he regards it as a letter such as that "Kafka had addressed to his father." In reading it, Mrs. Fox would finally come to understand the degree to which she has been responsible for Asbury's disappointments: how she domesticated him, squelching his talent and imagination, but "not his desire for these things." She left him with the worst of both worlds: a taste for artistic achievement without the means to reach it. Although her "literal mind" would not allow her to see the deep significance of his letter, it would, perhaps, leave his mother with an "enduring chill" that would in time "lead her to see herself as she is."

After arriving in Timberboro, he discovers how completely different the atmosphere on the family farm is compared to the rarefied, intellectualized air of his beloved New York. There he met a group of people, including a Jesuit priest, whom he believed grasped "the unique tragedy of his death, a death whose meaning had been far beyond the twittering group around them." By contrast, at Timberboro he is surrounded by people he regards as dull, backward, and incapable of recognizing life's subtleties and challenges. Chief among them is Dr. Block, a favorite of children, who "vomited and went into fevers to have a visit from him." Against Asbury's wishes, Mrs. Fox invites Dr. Block to examine Asbury and root out the cause of his illness. "Blood don't lie," Dr. Block harrumphs as he completes his examination of the exasperated Asbury by extracting a syringe full of blood. "What's wrong with me is way beyond you," Asbury sardonically counters.

Still, Asbury finds some comfort in the company of Randall and Morgan, his mother's two black dairy workers. Because he once spent a year trying to write a play "about Negros," he feels a special camaraderie with these two. He tries to establish his liberal, egalitarian identification with them by sharing cigarettes and by impulsively drinking fresh, unpasteurized milk from a glass from which the black workers themselves have drunk—despite their admonitions not to drink it: "That the thing she don't 'low."

As his fever increases and he faces what he believes is his impending death, Asbury convinces his mother to send for the only likely intellectual in the area who might have an enlightened view of life and death, a Jesuit priest. To his surprise, Asbury receives a visit not from a knowing, worldly priest such as the one he met in New York, but a down-to-earth, salvation-minded priest who quizzes Asbury on the catechism. In the midst of his inquisition, Asbury cries out, "The Holy Ghost is the last thing I'm looking for!" "And He may be the last thing you get," the priest fires back.

In the climax of the story, as various workers and relatives file by the stricken Asbury to pay their last respects, Dr. Block enters triumphantly to announce that Asbury merely has undulant fever, which he acquired by drinking unpasteurized milk. The story ends with Asbury alone in his room shuddering from a sudden chill that he recognizes as the Holy Ghost, "emblazoned in ice instead of fire."

Bibliography

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O'Gorman, Farrell. Peculiar Crossroads: Flannery O'Connor, Walker Percy, and Catholic Vision in Postwar Southern Fiction. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004.

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