Family: Analysis of Major Characters

Author: J. California Cooper

First published: 1991

Genre: Novel

Locale: The rural South

Plot: Historical realism

Time: The 1840's through the early twentieth century

Clora, the narrator, born a slave to a woman who kills herself and her master. Truly omniscient, Clora is a phantom, a time-traveler who poisoned herself rather than continue living as a slave. She stays on to look after her favorite child.

Always, Clora's favorite daughter, who loved all natural life as a child only to become embittered by slavery and to turn into an acquisitive, proud, and assertive woman, one who prospers through hatred and ambition.

Sun, another of Clora's children, born so light-skinned that he is able to escape north with the help of his half sister, Loretta. He “passes,” marries the daughter of an immigrant Frenchman, and becomes a successful businessman.

Peach, Clora's other surviving daughter. She is pretty and good-natured, and she learns the skills of homemaking as a personal maid to Loretta. She is sold to a Scotsman, who marries her and takes her away to live in affluence in Europe.

Sue Butler, the wife of Doak Butler, who buys Always and fathers her child. Sue is the mistress of the farm that Always tends with Doak's disabled brother Jason and his slave Poon. Sue is important as a foil in this novel.

Loretta Butler, Doak's second wife and the half sister of Always. She had helped Sun to escape north, but his refusal to send for her, to take her away from the poor, rural South, leaves her angry and mean-spirited. Joy comes to her in the guise of a child, Apple, whose father is Sephus, Always' son. In the confusing, incestuous family of this novel, Loretta becomes the aunt and mother of her half sister's grandchild.

Doak, Jr., the true son of Always. She swaps the boy, originally named Soon, with her master's son. He returns from the war to find his inheritance endangered. Always trades some of Doak, Sr.'s gold for her life and land of her own. Eventually, Doak, Jr.'s hatred of Always leads him to allow the Ku Klux Klan to ravage her land and livestock. He has, by this time, become the richest landowner in the county.