A Horse and Two Goats by R. K. Narayan

First published: 1965

Type of plot: Realism

Time of work: The twentieth century

Locale: In and around Kritam, a South Indian village

Principal Characters:

• Muni, an old, poor Indian villager
• His wife, who is equally ancient but sharp-tongued
• The shopman, the owner of the village store
• The foreigner, an American tourist from suburban Connecticut

The Story

After setting the scene in Kritam, a tiny South Indian village, the story introduces old Muni and his wife, a poor, childless couple: "She was old, but he was older and needed all the attention she could give him in order to be kept alive." The two have been married since he was ten and she eight: "He had thrashed her only a few times in their career, and later she had the upper hand." At one time Muni was a relatively prosperous herdsman, with "a flock of forty sheep and goats." He sold the sheep's wool and sold the animals for slaughter to a town butcher, who brought him "betel leaves, tobacco, and often enough some bhang." However, those high old times are past. Now Muni's flock, struck by "some pestilence" (though Muni suspects a neighbor's curse), has dwindled to two goats. Still, Muni follows his daily routine of taking the animals to graze near the highway two miles away, where he sits on the base of an old clay statue and watches the world go by.

Normally Muni's wife starts the day by boiling him some millet for breakfast, then sending him on his way with a ball of leftover millet and a raw onion for lunch. This morning, however, there is no food, so Muni goes out of the hut, shakes the drumstick tree, and gets six drumsticks. His wife offers to boil them with salt, but Muni hankers for something richer—a drum-stick curry. His wife agrees to satisfy his "unholy craving" for "big things," provided that Muni can gather the ingredients: "a measure of rice or millet. . . . Dhall, chili, curry leaves, mustard, coriander, gingelley oil, and one large potato." When Muni goes to the village store, however, the shopman refuses him further credit (he already owes the store "five rupees and a quarter") and belittles the old man in front of other villagers. Muni returns home defeated, and his wife sends him off to graze the goats and to fast for the day. His hope is that she will earn enough money somewhere for an evening meal.

As he passes through the village each day with his two goats, people talk about his diminished status, and Muni quietly hangs his head. Only when he reaches the statue near the highway can he relax and enjoy a little peace. Here Muni sits all day in the shade of the statue—a horse rearing next to a fierce warrior—and watches his goats and an occasional passing vehicle. The vehicles are something to tell his wife about when he goes home at night.

Today Muni will have much to tell, for as he sits enjoying his somnolence, the big world abruptly intrudes. A strange vehicle—a van or station wagon—suddenly runs out of gas and coasts to a stop in front of Muni. Out steps "a red-faced foreigner" dressed in khaki. He asks Muni about gas stations, then sees the statue. He is transfixed by the clay horse, which he immediately desires to own. Muni, meanwhile, is terrified by the official-looking foreigner, who he thinks has come to arrest him. Thus begins one of the most hilarious negotiations in literature, the foreigner speaking only English; Muni, only Tamil.

Muni asserts his ownership of the two goats, despite what his slanderous neighbors might say. In turn, the foreigner smiles, takes out his silver cigarette case, and offers Muni a smoke. Surprised, Muni happily accepts: "Muni drew a deep puff and started coughing; it was racking, no doubt, but extremely pleasant. . . . No need to run away from a man who gave him such a potent smoke." Still cautious, however, Muni shuns the foreigner's business card, thinking that it is a warrant. He disavows any connection with a recent murder, blames it on Kritam's neighboring village, and promises to apprehend any suspicious character and "bury him up to his neck in a coconut pit if he tries to escape."

Observing that the deal must be conducted at a leisurely pace, the foreigner sits beside Muni and relates how he was working last summer "on the fortieth floor of the Empire State Building" when a power failure precipitated a personal decision: "All the way in the train I kept thinking, and the minute I reached home in Connecticut, I told my wife, Ruth, 'We will visit India this winter, it's time to look at other civilizations.'" Muni tells how his village turns thieves from the neighboring village into mincemeat, and the suburban New Yorker says that he also enjoys chopping wood. Noting the stranger's gestures toward the horse, Muni launches into its history and meaning: "This is our guardian, it means death to our adversaries." An embodiment of "the Redeemer" (apparently Vishnu), the horse will come alive at "the end of the world," save the good people, and trample the evil ones. The American promises to install the statue in the middle of the living room: At cocktail parties, "We'll stand around him and have our drinks." Muni then runs over a list of other avatars, tells how he used to enact their stories in village dramas, and concludes by asking the American if he knows the Rāmāyaṇa (c. 500 b.c.e.; English translation, 1870-1889) and the Mahābhārata (c. 400 c.e.; The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, 1887-1896).

Seeing a chance to clinch the deal, the American pulls out a hundred rupees and offers them for the horse. Muni, thinking that the American is buying the two goats, is ecstatic: "His dream of a lifetime was about to be realized . . . opening a small shop on this very spot." Leaving the two goats with the American, Muni rushes home to show the money to his wife. Meanwhile, the American flags down another car, buys some siphoned gas, gets help in loading the clay horse, and drives off with it. At home, Muni's wife suspects Muni of stealing the money, which seems to be confirmed when the two goats come trailing in. "If you have thieved," she declares hysterically, "the police will come tonight and break your bones. Don't involve me. I will go away to my parents."