The Lyrical Ballads Is Published

The Lyrical Ballads Is Published

On October 4, 1798, a small collection of poems, The Lyrical Ballads, was published in London, England, inaugurating the Romantic era in English literature.

The anonymous authors were William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, two young poets who had become friends and who shared an impatience with the polished public style of verse favored during most of the 18th century. Wordsworth, the older of the two, was 28; Coleridge was 26. Both had been orphaned in childhood and both had attended Cambridge University, although they did not meet until afterward, when each had embarked on a precarious literary career. Wordsworth wrote most of the poems in the book, including several story-poems about plain country folk and the innovative “Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey,” an original meditation on nature, memory, and personal growth. Coleridge contributed the mesmerizing “Rime of the Ancient Mariner” and some shorter pieces. The book was reviewed harshly because the poems did not conform to contemporary standards.

Wordsworth tried to explain his and Coleridge's approach in a preface to the second edition, published in 1801, saying that they wished to bring the language of poetry closer to that of common speech (they were at the time political radicals) and to present strong emotions and sensory experiences in a natural, unadorned manner, without the constraints of neoclassical convention. This manifesto further infuriated the critics, but the new style of poetry gained adherents and popularity. Today many of the poems from The Lyrical Ballads are considered masterpieces.