As a Man Grows Older: Analysis of Major Characters

Author: Italo Svevo

First published: Senilità, 1898 (English translation, 1932)

Genre: Novel

Locale: Trieste, Austria

Plot: Psychological realism

Time: The 1890's

Emilio Brentani (eh-MIHL-ih-oh brehn-TAH-nee), a clerk in an insurance office. The Italian title Senilità (senility) must refer to him but cannot be taken literally, for he is only thirty-five years old; metaphorically, it seems not inappropriate, because his lack of energy and enterprise suits a much older man. He is content to live in a shabby apartment with his pale sister and “to go cautiously through life, avoiding all its perils, but also renouncing all its pleasures.” He neither pursues a literary career (he has published one novel) nor translates his liberal political opinions into action. He might seem to be pursuing life's pleasures in his affair with Angiolina Zarri, but his irresolution and capacity for self-deception bring defeat in the end. Although he is unwilling to marry, he expects fidelity from Angiolina and blinds himself to evidence of her promiscuity. After she deserts him and his sister Amalia dies, he yields to senility, looking back with “enchanted wonder” to the period of his affair and blending Angiolina and Amalia into one splendid symbol.

Angiolina Zarri (ahn-gee-oh-LEE-nah ZAH-ree), a lower-class girl of striking beauty and vibrant health. She treats Emilio with warmth and affection, but from the first her conduct is disquieting. Aside from her engagement to Volpini, there is evidence of other affairs, not only during the past but also during her relationship with Emilio. Angiolina usually is adept at covering up, but sometimes the ruse is too transparent. She is perhaps self-deceived as well as deceitful; she gets little in return for her youth and beauty and in the end elopes with an embezzler.

Amalia Brentani (ah-MAHL-ee-ah), Emilio's sister and housekeeper. Thin and colorless, she seems to Balli to have been born gray. Her attitude toward Emilio seems almost maternal. Her suppressed romantic longings are brought to the surface by Emilio's tales of Angiolina and by Balli's visits; when she falls ill and becomes delirious, her love for Balli becomes obvious. When she dies, Emilio learns that she has been taking ether.

Stephano Balli, a sculptor, Emilio's friend and confidant. Though not without talent, he has had more success with women than with sculpture. He accepts Emilio because, like the women, he is easily dominated. He attempts to advise Emilio about Angiolina but ends up falling under her spell. He behaves decently with Amalia, however, and attends her during her last illness.

Margherita, Balli's mistress. She appears meek and submissive but turns out to have cuckolded Balli; in fact, she supports her family by prostitution.

Elena Chierici (kee-ehr-EE-chee), a widow with an unhappy past. She is a neighbor of Emilio and unselfishly volunteers to nurse Amalia in her final illness.

Volpini (vohl-PEE-nee), a middle-aged tailor to whom Angiolina becomes engaged, perhaps to cover a possible pregnancy.

Sorniani (sohr-nee-AH-nee), a shriveled little creature, a ladies' man and a malicious gossip who gives Emilio information about Angiolina.