The Sound and the Fury: Analysis of Major Characters
"The Sound and the Fury" is a novel by William Faulkner that delves into the complexities of the Compson family, exploring themes of decline, guilt, and the impact of Southern heritage. The major characters each embody different aspects of the family's tragic legacy. Jason Lycurgus Compson III, embodying a sense of philosophical stoicism, grapples with his inability to fulfill his ambitions amid familial chaos. His wife, Caroline Bascomb Compson, is characterized by her neurosis and resentment towards the Compson legacy, often projecting her grievances onto her children. Their daughter, Candace "Caddy" Compson, is a conflicted figure who navigates her own desires and familial loyalty, ultimately caught in a web of relationships and personal failings. Brother Quentin Compson is marked by his obsessive guilt and tragic end, showcasing the deep emotional turmoil within the family.
Jason Compson IV, the last male heir, represents a bitter, self-serving continuation of the family's decline, while his niece, Quentin, symbolizes a last vestige of life and rebellion against the family's oppressive legacy. Dilsey Gibson, the family's black cook, stands out as a figure of strength and resilience, maintaining a sense of order amid disarray. Lastly, Benjy Compson, the intellectually disabled brother, offers a unique perspective on the family's history, absorbing the tragedy around him without the ability to articulate it. Together, these characters paint a poignant portrait of a family disintegrating under the weight of its past.
The Sound and the Fury: Analysis of Major Characters
Author: William Faulkner
First published: 1929
Genre: Novel
Locale: Mississippi
Plot: Stream of consciousness
Time: 1910–1928
Jason Lycurgus Compson (III), the grandson of a Mississippi governor, son of a Confederate general, and father to the last of the Compsons. Like his illustrious ancestors, his name suggests his passion, the classics. Unlike his forebears, he is unable to make a living or to fulfill his deepest ambition, the study of the Greek and Latin epigrammatists, but his stoic philosophy, culled from his reading, stands him in good stead. He speaks wisely, does little, drinks much, and is weary of his complaining wife, his wayward daughter, and his bickering sons.
Caroline Bascomb Compson, his wife, who resents the Compson lineage and feels that hers is more glorious. A neurotic woman with psychosomatic symptoms, she complains constantly of her grievances and ills. Reluctant to face reality and rejoicing that she was not born a Compson, she indulges her fancies and pretends to be an antebellum Southern gentlewoman. Her fortitude in tragedy is even more remarkable for all her complaining, but she victimizes her children and devoted servants to maintain her resentment and illnesses.
Candace Compson, their only daughter, affectionate, loyal, and libido-driven. She is called Caddy, a name that results in great confusion for her idiot brother, whose playground is the pasture sold to a golf course. She is devoted to her dead brother, her weak-minded brother, her own illegitimate daughter, and her loving father. She is at odds with her mother, her vengeful brother Jason, and several husbands. So promiscuous is she, even urging her sensitive brother Quentin to abortive intercourse, that she does not really know who is the father of her child. As an adventuress, she travels widely, and in the postlude to the novel she appears as the consort of a Nazi officer in Paris.
Quentin Compson, her beloved brother for whom she names her child even before the baby's birth. Obsessed by a sense of guilt, doom, and death, he commits suicide by drowning in June, 1910, two months after his sister's marriage to a man he calls a blackguard. Because he is deeply disturbed by family affairs—the selling of a pasture to pay for his year at Harvard, the loss of his sister's honor, the morbid despair he feels for his idiot brother, his hatred of the family vices of pride and snobbishness—his death is predictable and unalterable.
Jason Compson (IV), the only son to stay on in the Old Compson place, loyal to his weak and querulous mother, determined to gain his full share of his patronage, and bitter over his deep failures. His tale is one of petty annoyances, nursed grievances, and egotistic aggressiveness in his ungenerous and self-assertive mastery of his niece and the black servants. This descendant of aristocrats is more the type of small-town redneck, wily, canny, cunning, and deceitful. Not without his reasons for bitterness, he finally rids himself of his enervating responsibilities for a dying line by himself remaining a bachelor and having his idiot brother castrated.
Quentin, the daughter of Candace and her mother's own child. Reared by Dilsey, the black cook, Quentin is the last of anything resembling life in the old Compson house. As self-assertive as her uncle, she steals money he calls his but which is rightfully hers, and she elopes with a carnival pitch-man. Beautiful in the wild way of her mother, she has never had affection from anyone except her morbid old grandmother and a brokenhearted servant. She is possibly Caddy's child by a young man named Dalton Ames.
Dilsey Gibson, the bullying but beloved black family retainer, cook, financier (in petty extravagances), and benefac-tress who maintains family standards that no longer concern the Compsons. Deeply concerned for them, she babies the thirty-year-old Benjamin, the unfortunate Quentin, and the querulous old “Miss Cahline,” though she resists the egocentric Jason. A woman whose wise and understanding nature goes beyond limits of race or color, she endures for others and prolongs the lives of those dependent on her shrewdness and strength.
Benjamin (Benjy) Compson, at first named Maury after his mother's brother. He is an idiot who observes everything, smells tragedy, and loves the old pasture, his sister Caddy, and firelight but cannot compose his disordered thoughts into any coherent pattern of life or speech. Gelded by his brother Jason, he moans out his pitiful existence and is finally sent to the state asylum in Jackson.
Maury L. Bascomb, Mrs. Compson's brother. A bachelor, a drunkard, and a philanderer, he is supported by the Compsons. Benjy Compson was christened Maury in honor of this uncle.
Roskus, the Compsons' black coachman when the children were small.
T. P., a black servant who helps to look after Benjy Compson. He later goes to Memphis to live.
Luster, a fourteen-year-old black boy who is thirty-three-year-old Benjy Compson's caretaker and playmate.
Frony, Dilsey's daughter.
Sydney Herbert Head, a young banker, Caddy Compson's first husband. He divorces her after he realizes that her daughter Quentin is not his child. The divorce ends young Jason Compson's hope of getting a position in Head's bank.
Shreve McCannon, Quentin Compson's Canadian roommate at Harvard.