Japan Surrenders

Japan Surrenders

Following the capitulation of Japan in 1945 , preparations were begun for the formal ceremonies of surrender. Since there was some unease about the safety of holding such important formalities on the Japanese home islands with the hostilities so recently ended, the ceremonies were held in Tokyo Bay on the battleship USS Missouri, surrounded by a large fleet of Allied warships. President Harry S. Truman chose the Missouri because it was a new and impressive battleship, it was named after his home state, and it had been christened by his daughter Margaret.

The ceremony was held on September 2, 1945. Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and General Yoshijiro Umezu signed the surrender papers for Japan. Those signing for the Allies included General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester W. Nimitz of the United States. There were also representatives from Great Britain, China, the Soviet Union, France, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the Netherlands. After the signing was completed, hundreds of aircraft roared over the ships in a massive show of Allied air power. The display was followed by an address broadcast to the United States by General MacArthur, who had been named supreme allied commander to receive the surrender and now had the responsibility for supervising the postwar occupation of Japan.