Gallia Cisalpina
Gallia Cisalpina, also known as Cisalpine Gaul, refers to a region in northern Italy that was heavily influenced by Celtic tribes, particularly the Gauls. These tribes began migrating into the area around 400 BC, primarily through the Brenner Pass. The region was characterized by a mix of cultures arising from the interaction between the Gauls and the existing local populations, including the Veneti, Ligurians, Etruscans, and Umbrians. One notable historical event in Gallia Cisalpina's early history includes the victory of the Insubrian Gauls, led by Brennus, who temporarily captured Rome around 387 BC after defeating a Roman army at the river Allia.
However, the Roman Republic eventually regained control, with significant military campaigns, such as the defeat of the Insubrian leader Viridomarus by Marcus Claudius Marcellus in 222 BC. This continued conflict marked a pivotal transition as Rome expanded its influence and incorporated the region into its territory. Understanding Gallia Cisalpina provides insight into the complex interplay of cultures and the historical development of northern Italy during a significant era of migration and conquest.
Gallia Cisalpina
(northern Italy)
The country was named after the various tribes of the Gauls (Celts) who migrated into Italy, mostly by way of the Brenner Pass, from about 400 BC onward. Although repelled by the Veneti, they pushed back the Ligurians, Etruscans and Umbrians; and one marauding band of Insubrian Gauls, under Brennus, defeated a Roman army beside the river Allia (Fosso Maestro) and briefly captured Rome itself (c 387). In 222, however, Marcus Claudius Marcellus defeated and personally killed the Insubrian invader Viridomarus at Clastidium (Casteggio).