Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006

Date: June 21, 2006

In the later part of the twentieth century and the early part of the twenty-first century, global temperatures have been some of the warmest ever recorded. Measures to reduce greenhouse gases and the implementation of alternative sources of renewable energy are ways of combating climate change. The United Kingdom’s Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act 2006 promotes microgeneration technologies to replace carbon-based fuel sources.

Background

Countries in the developed world have established initiatives to reduce greenhouse gases and combat climate change. Common greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and hydrofluorocarbons. Greenhouse gases act to absorb the Earth’s infrared radiation and increase temperatures. The Kyoto Protocol, an important climate-change measure ratified by many industrialized countries, was established in 1997. Some countries establish their own greenhouse-gas emission standards. For example, the United Kingdom enacted the Sustainable Energy Act of 2003 and the Energy Act of 2004; modifications of microgeneration targets were applied to the 2006 act. The Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act is a law that builds upon previous climate change policies.

Provisions

The Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act was enacted on June 21, 2006, in an effort to encourage microgeneration technologies aimed at reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. Microgeneration technologies include many non-carbon-fueled energy sources. Microgeneration is the generation of electricity and heat from a renewable energy source. These sources include non-fossil fuels and nonnuclear fuels, such as biomass, biofuel, wind, water-tide, solar-power, and geothermal sources. All renewable sources of fuel are useful in microgeneration. This initiative of increasing microgeneration technologies ultimately will reduce dependency on carbon-based energy emissions. The Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act permits homes to reduce dependency on carbon-based fuel sources and increase microgeneration technologies. Building-construction regulations are also specified in this act. Each year, the ministerial authorities report to Parliament the measures taken by the government in support of this measure. Local authorities have access to the reports and ensure that these measures are followed at the local level. This act incentivizes local governments to encourage the use of microgeneration and the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions.

Impact on Resource Use

A 2009 assessment by the U.S. Global Change Research Program outlined the effect of the increase in greenhouse gases. The increase of global temperatures could be as high as 6° Celsius by the year 2090, suggesting that climate change is real and has dramatic impacts. By the end of the twenty-first century, sea levels in U.S. coastal regions may rise more than 1 meter. Climate change has occurred even more rapidly in the Arctic regions, where ice is melting, and the fishing industry may experience a negative impact.

The Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act serves as a model for other industrialized countries. For example, Germany is combating climate change with a similar law: the Renewable Energy Sources Act.

Bibliography

Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act, 2006. http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/pdf/ukpga‗20060019‗en.pdf