Cabrini canonization

The Event First conferment of sainthood on an American citizen

Date July 7, 1946

The canonization of Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini, coming soon after the end of World War II, served to direct Americans’ attention on the international community, with a focus on relieving the perilous conditions of those orphaned and displaced by the war.

Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini (1850-1917), founder of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in 1880, was the first American citizen to be canonized. Cabrini established her order of nuns to honor Saint Frances Xavier, whose missionary work in the Far East inspired her own zeal to aid orphans in her native Italy. The wretched conditions of Italian immigrants in America prompted Pope Leo XIII to convince Cabrini that her vocation lay in America. From her arrival in 1889, Cabrini worked and traveled relentlessly in the United States and abroad to establish orphanages, schools, convents, and hospitals to serve Italian immigrants and children. In her lifetime, she founded sixty-seven institutions in the United States, South America, and Europe.

The canonization was an astute decision by Pope Pius XII. His refusal to publicly condemn Nazi persecution of the Jews during World War II for fear of reprisals to those under Nazi regimes was controversial, despite his multiple personal efforts to aid the Jews. Immediately following the war, the pope called for international attention to the plight of all displaced persons, particularly children, in his encyclical Quemadmodum (pleading for the care of the world’s destitute children), issued in January, 1946. In 1950, Pius XII declared Cabrini the patron saint of immigrants.

Impact

Given that Cabrini had dedicated her life to charitable work for children and the impoverished, her canonization in July, 1946, was an appropriate and signal measure of the papal efforts to emphasize rebuilding the world with attention to the most needy.

Bibliography

Gerard, Noel. Pius XII: The Hound of Hitler. New York: Continuum, 2008.

Sullivan, Mary Louise. Mother Cabrini: Italian Immigrant of the Century. New York: Center for Migration Studies, 1992.