United Church of Christ Formed

United Church of Christ Formed

The first union in the United States of churches with differing forms of church government and divergent historical backgrounds took place on June 25, 1957, when the General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches and the Evangelical and Reformed Church came together to form the United Church of Christ. The purpose of the union, in the words of a church representative, was “to express more fully the oneness in Christ of the churches composing it, to make more effective their common witness in Him, and to serve His kingdom in the world.”

Each of the uniting bodies was itself the result of earlier mergers. One of the uniting denominations, the Evangelical and Reformed Church, had come into being with the union in 1934 of the Evangelical Synod of North America and the Reformed Church in the United States. Brought to this country by immigrants from Germany and Switzerland, both groups had their roots in the Reformation movement in Europe, tracing their lineage to John Calvin, Martin Luther, Phillip Melanchthon, and Huldrych Zwingli. In America the Evangelical Synod had its origins in Missouri in 1840, whereas the Reformed Church had begun in Pennsylvania in 1725.

The other uniting denomination, the General Council of the Congregational Christian Churches, was formed in 1931 when the Congregational and Christian Churches, each resulting from several previous unions and each tracing its ancestry largely to Reformation movements in England, came together. Congregationalism had been brought to the New World by the Pilgrims who founded the colony at Plymouth and by the Puritans who settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In this country the Congregationalists were joined by the Congregational Methodists in 1892, by the Evangelical Protestants in 1923, and by the German Congregationalists in 1925. The Christian Church had brought together Methodists from North Carolina, Baptists from Vermont, and Presbyterians from Kentucky in 1820.