Indigenous peoples refer to the original inhabitants of a region, descending from communities that lived in a given area before external cultures and ethnicities arrived. These groups are often referred to by various names, including Native Peoples, First Peoples, Tribal Peoples, Aboriginal, and Originary Peoples. The understanding of Indigenous peoples encompasses a diverse range of cultures, languages, and traditions, all of which contribute to their unique identities. Research on Indigenous peoples covers a multitude of topics, including their relationship with nature, fishing rights, economic activities such as casinos and trade, and historical events that have shaped their communities. Important issues highlighted in this context include land compensation, the impact of diseases like smallpox, and the loss of special governmental status. Overall, the study of Indigenous peoples provides insight into their resilience, cultural heritage, and ongoing challenges, making it a vital area of exploration for those interested in social justice, anthropology, and history.